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Dr. Maria Montessori

“Within the child lies the fate of the future.”

One of the first women to practise medicine in Italy — a scientist who watched children carefully and discovered that they construct their own personalities as they interact with their environment.

Dr. Maria Montessori with children

A scholar of biology, psychiatry, anthropology and medicine, she graduated from the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Rome in 1896. She studied children of all races and cultures in many countries, seeing the universality of the laws of human development, and kept observing throughout her life.

She declared two principles as the foundation of Montessori pedagogy: the universal characteristics of the human child, and the child as a unique, unrepeatable, admirable individual — one of life’s most marvellous expressions.

A devoted humanitarian, she was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize three times.

1896

Graduates in medicine from the University of Rome — one of the first women in Italy to do so.

1907

Opens the Casa dei Bambini — the “Children’s House” — for children ages 3 to 6 in San Lorenzo.

1913

First visit to the United States. Alexander Graham Bell and his wife Mabel found the Montessori Educational Association.

1915

Her “glass house” schoolroom draws international attention at the Panama-Pacific Exhibition in San Francisco.

1929

Founds the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) with her son, Mario.

1939

Travels to India to train teachers; detained there during World War II.

1949 – 51

Nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize three years running.

1952

Dies in the Netherlands, her legacy carried on through AMI.

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